Expert consensus on clinical management of metabolic bone disease of prematurity (2021) / 中国当代儿科杂志

Metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) is a systemic bone disease with a reduction in bone mineral content due to disorder of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. There is still a lack of in-depth research and systematic understanding of MBDP in China, and there are many irregularities in clinical management of this disease. Based on relevant studies in China and overseas, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation was used to develop the expert consensus on the clinical management of MBDP, which provides recommendations from the following five aspects: high-risk factors, screening/diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and post-discharge follow-up of MBDP, so as to provide relevant practitioners with recommendations on the clinical management of MBDP to reduce the incidence rate of MBDP and improve its short- and long-term prognosis.

Clinical application of thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps in the repair of head and neck defects / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyse the clinical application of thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps (TDAPF) in the repair of head and neck defects. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 38 patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck malignant tumors who underwent radical resection of oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma and TDAPF repair in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology of the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 2017 to November 2018. Among them, 32 were males and 6 were females, aged 30-74 years. Flap size, vessel pedicle length, diameter and number of perforators, and flap fat thickness were recorded and counted. Elasti Meter and Skin Fibro Meter were applied to measure the skin elasticity and hardness in the donor areas of 4 kinds of skin flaps before the flap preparation. SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: All the flaps survived (100%). The mean elasticity of TDAPF [(41.2±12.9) N/m] was significantly lower than that of anterolateral thigh [(77.6±23.3) N/m, χ²=88.89, P<0.05], anterolateral thigh [(62.6±17.7) N/m, χ²=59.99, P<0.05] and or forearm flap [(51.7±8.6) N/m, χ²=37.82, P<0.05]. The hardness of TDAPF [(0.037±0.016) N] was also significantly lower than that of anterolateral femoral [(0.088±0.019) N, F=93.27, P<0.05], anteromedial femoral [(0.059±0.020) N, F=25.71, P<0.05] or forearm flap [(0.062±0.016) N, F=29.11, P<0.05]. Follow-up period ranged from 2 to 14 months. The 38 patients treated with TDAPF had a good recovery of the functions in the recipient areas, and the scars of the donor areas were not obvious after surgery, without serious complications. Conclusion: TDAPF is suitable for reconstruction of head and neck defect, with ductile texture and good recovery of the morphology and function of head and neck.

Multidisciplinary team model for patients with oral cancer and systemic diseases: an expert consensus / 华西口腔医学杂志

Large general hospitals currently play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment for acute critical patients and difficult diseases because of the development of dual referral system and hierarchical diagnosis, as well as the formation of medical treatment alliance. Patients with oral cancers are often associated with systemic diseases, which increases the complexity of the condition. Thus, meeting the demand through the traditional single medical model is difficult. As such, a multidisciplinary team (MDT) model has been proposed and has achieved a good clinical effect. To standardize the application of this model, we organized an event in which relevant experts discussed and formulated a consensus to provide standardized suggestions on the MDT process and the diagnosis and treatment of common systemic diseases as reference for clinical practice.

Experimental study of demineralized dentin matrix on osteoinduction and related cells identification / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this study was to explore the theoretical framework of cells and the forms of osteogenesis in the mechanism by which demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) induces osteogenesis.@*METHODS@#A total of 24 New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. A total of 4 erector spinae bags were created in each animal. A total of 3 erector spinae bags were implanted with DDM by random selection, whereas the remaining one erector spinae bag was not implanted with DDM. The rabbits were sacrificed after 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks, and the samples were obtained. The samples were examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and immunohistochemical staining to identify the mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoclasts.@*RESULTS@#The results of HE staining showed that in the third week, cartilage- and bone-like matrices, as well as the osteoblast-like cells, were observed. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expressions of CD44, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and collagen Ⅱ were statistically significant 
(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#DDM has good histocompatibility and osteoinduction. In addition, induced ectopic osteogenesis mode mainly occurs in the endochondral bone.

Observation on lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method for hyperplasia of mammary gland and its influence on estradiol and progesterone / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method for hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) and its influence on estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P).Methods:A randomized,single-blinded and controlled trial was conducted.A total of 124 cases conforming to the inclusion criteria were randomized by random number table into a treatment group and a control group,with 62 cases in each group.Patients in both groups received acupuncture therapy at the same acupoints,while patients in the treatment group received lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing method,and patients in the control group received even reinforcing-reducing manipulation.The treatment started around 10 d before menstruation and was conducted every other day.Patients received 5 treatments in each menstruation cycle for consecutive 3 cycles.The levels of E2,P and E2/P and clinical efficacy were measured before and after treatment.Results:After treatment,the breast lump size,pain intensity and concomitant symptoms score in both groups were substantially lower than those before treatment,showing statistical significances (all P＜0.01),and the improvement in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group,and the between-group comparisons showed statistical significances (all P＜0.01).After treatment,the overall effective rate was 91.9％ in the treatment group,higher than 72.6％ in the control group,and the between-group comparison showed a statistical significance (P＜0.01).After treatment,levels of E2,P and E2/P value showed no statistical significance when compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P＞0.05).Conclusion:Lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and signs in HMG patients,and produce a better effect than even reinforcing-reducing manipulation.The majority of HMG patients' E2,P level and E2/P value were not beyond the normal ranges;therefore,acupuncture showed no substantial influence on E2 and P levels and E2/P value.

Application of I-gel laryngeal mask airway in EBUS-TBNA performed under intravenous anesthesia / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To seek better anesthesia management methods for clinical applications guidance by retrospectively analyze the clinical effects of I-gel laryngeal mask for endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needleaspiration (EBUS-TBNA) performed under local and intravenous anesthesia modes. Methods Review the differences in the operative time, the number of SpO2 <95%, body motion, cough, laryngospasm, nausea, surgical puncture, operator suspension, postoperative throat discomfort, and satisfaction scores among the patient, the operator and the anesthetist between the two kinds of anesthesia of 60 patients for EBUS-TBNA in 3 years from 2013 to 2016. Results From June 2014, patients with I-gel laryngeal mask for EBUS-TBNA under intravenous anesthesia had fewer cough, nausea, physical activity, shorter operative time, and higher anesthesia satisfaction scores. Conclusion The perioperative management method of I-gel laryngeal mask for EBUS-TBNA in intravenous anesthesia is more secure and more feasible, recommended for clinical use.

Characteristic analysis of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma complicated by autoim-mune hemolytic anemia / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and laboratory data of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL)compli-cated by autoimmune hemolytic anemia(AIHA).Methods:Data of six patients with aggressive NHL complicated by AIHA treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University between September 2013 and July 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. The onset symptoms,disease progression,therapy,and prognostic factors were analyzed.Results:From September 2013 to July 2016,155 pa-tients with aggressive NHL were treated in our hospital.Six of them were complicated by AIHA(3.9%),with three males and three fe-males,aged from 62 to 74.The median age was 67 years.The first clinical symptoms included the following:five presented with lymph-adenectasis,three had fever,and one presented with multiple bone destruction and bone pain,all complicated by progressive hemo-globin decrease.Histological examination of the six patients revealed three cases with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),including one case with positive Bcl-2,Bcl-6,and C-myc,and one case with positive CD5;one case was peripheral T-cell lymphoma-not other-wise specified(PTCL-NOS);and two cases with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITCL).Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-mRNA(EBER) was detected by chromogenic in situ hybridization(CISH).Up to 100%(5/5)cases were EBER-positive.Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores of the six patients were three to four.All six cases were in the Ann-Arbor stagesⅢ-Ⅳand International Prognostic Index score 4-5.All cases belonged to the high risk group.At the time when lymphoma was confirmed by pathology,the median level of he-moglobin was 56(34-79)g/L.The median ratio of reticulocytes was 6.7(0.2-21.0)%.The positive rate of Coombs test was 100%.All cas-es showed autoantibodies against C3(1:64-1:2 048).Four cases showed antoantibodies against G antigen(±~1:16).The plasma con-centration of EBV DNA of three patients was detected and all increased.Except that 1 case gave up treatment,five patients received the chemotherapy with CHOP or R-CHOP.Four patients received prednisone between chemotherapy intermittent period.Two cases showed sustained complete response(CR).The overall survival(OS)was 20 and 14 months.Another patient with DLBCL and one pa-tient with PTCL-NOS died from secondary severe pulmonary infection and heart failure during the myelosuppression.The OS times were 1.5 and 2 months,respectively.One patient with AITCL died in the disease progression after four cycles of chemotherapy.The OS was 4.5 months.Conclusion:Aggressive NHL complicated by AIHA is common in older patients with poor prognosis.The incidence rate of EBV infection was high,and hemolysis is rapid and serious.The patients'tolerance to chemotherapy was poor.Early diagnosis and effective chemotherapy may improve patients'prognosis.

Characteristic analysis of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma complicated by autoim-mune hemolytic anemia / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and laboratory data of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL)compli-cated by autoimmune hemolytic anemia(AIHA).Methods:Data of six patients with aggressive NHL complicated by AIHA treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University between September 2013 and July 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. The onset symptoms,disease progression,therapy,and prognostic factors were analyzed.Results:From September 2013 to July 2016,155 pa-tients with aggressive NHL were treated in our hospital.Six of them were complicated by AIHA(3.9%),with three males and three fe-males,aged from 62 to 74.The median age was 67 years.The first clinical symptoms included the following:five presented with lymph-adenectasis,three had fever,and one presented with multiple bone destruction and bone pain,all complicated by progressive hemo-globin decrease.Histological examination of the six patients revealed three cases with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),including one case with positive Bcl-2,Bcl-6,and C-myc,and one case with positive CD5;one case was peripheral T-cell lymphoma-not other-wise specified(PTCL-NOS);and two cases with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITCL).Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-mRNA(EBER) was detected by chromogenic in situ hybridization(CISH).Up to 100%(5/5)cases were EBER-positive.Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores of the six patients were three to four.All six cases were in the Ann-Arbor stagesⅢ-Ⅳand International Prognostic Index score 4-5.All cases belonged to the high risk group.At the time when lymphoma was confirmed by pathology,the median level of he-moglobin was 56(34-79)g/L.The median ratio of reticulocytes was 6.7(0.2-21.0)%.The positive rate of Coombs test was 100%.All cas-es showed autoantibodies against C3(1:64-1:2 048).Four cases showed antoantibodies against G antigen(±~1:16).The plasma con-centration of EBV DNA of three patients was detected and all increased.Except that 1 case gave up treatment,five patients received the chemotherapy with CHOP or R-CHOP.Four patients received prednisone between chemotherapy intermittent period.Two cases showed sustained complete response(CR).The overall survival(OS)was 20 and 14 months.Another patient with DLBCL and one pa-tient with PTCL-NOS died from secondary severe pulmonary infection and heart failure during the myelosuppression.The OS times were 1.5 and 2 months,respectively.One patient with AITCL died in the disease progression after four cycles of chemotherapy.The OS was 4.5 months.Conclusion:Aggressive NHL complicated by AIHA is common in older patients with poor prognosis.The incidence rate of EBV infection was high,and hemolysis is rapid and serious.The patients'tolerance to chemotherapy was poor.Early diagnosis and effective chemotherapy may improve patients'prognosis.

Post-operative hemimaxillectomy rehabilitation using prostheses supported by zygoma implants and remaining natural teeth

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the stability of prostheses supported by zygoma implants and remaining teeth for subjects who had undergone hemi-maxillectomy. METHODS: Ten patients were included in the study. Oral rehabilitation was performed using a temporary prosthesis that was supported by remaining teeth for the first three months. Then, a zygoma implant was placed to provide support for a final prosthesis in addition to the remaining teeth. Each prosthesis was tailor-made according to biomechanical three-dimensional finite element analysis results. The patients were assessed using the prosthesis functioning scale of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. In addition, retention and bite force were recorded for both the temporary prosthesis and the final prosthesis. RESULTS: The mean bite force of the prosthetic first molar was increased to 69.2 N. The mean retentive force increased to 13.5 N after zygoma implant insertion. The bite force on the prosthetic first molar was improved to 229.3 N. CONCLUSION: Bite force increased significantly with the support of a zygoma implant. The use of zygoma implants in the restoration of maxillary defects improved functional outcome and patient satisfaction.

Determination of Clindamycin Phosphate in Compound Sodium Phenytoin Gels by HPLC / 中国药师

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of clindamycin phosphate in compound phenytoin sodi-um ge1s. Methods:The HPLC analysis was carried out on a ZORBAX SB-C18 column(250 × 46 mm,5 μm)with 0. 1 mol·L-1 KH2PO4 solution(adjusting pH to 2. 5 with H3PO4 solution)-acetonitrile(75:25)as the mobile phase at the flow rate of 0. 8 ml· min-1 . The detection wavelength was 210 nm,the column temperature was 25℃ and the injection volume was 10μl. Results:The lin-ear range of clindamycin phosphate was 3. 00-18. 00 μg(r=0. 999 5). The average recovery was 101. 11%(RSD=0. 34%,n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple,sensitive and reproducible,and can be used in the determination of clindamycin phosphate in com-pound phenytoin sodium gels.

A meta-analysis of the efficacy of ureteroscopic lithotripsy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on ureteral calculi

PURPOSE: To re-evaluated the clinic efficacy of ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URS) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on ureteral calculi with Cochrane systematic reviews in this paper. METHODS: We searched clinical randomized controlled trials and prospective controlled trials in databases such as Cochrane library, Medline, Springer, Elsevier Science Direct, PubMed. Pooled estimate of risk ratios (RRs), standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as measure of effect sizes. Summary effect estimates were also stratified by sample size, study design and study region. The overall effect sizes were derived using a random-effects model or fixed-effects model when appreciated, and meta-analysis were conducted with software RewMan 5.0. RESULTS: The meta-analysis suggested that there were significant differences of post-treatment stone free rate, repeat treatment rate, patients' satisfaction, incidence of postoperative complications, operation time and hospital stays between ESWL treatment cases and URS treatment cases. But in the sample sizes analysis, there were no significant differences of the post-treatment stone free rate and repeat treatment rate when the sample sizes were less than 100. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the ureteroscopic lithotripsy treatment, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatment provided a significantly lower post-treatment stone free rate, but it also obviously brought out less postoperative complications, shorter operation time and hospital stays. .

Biomechanical evaluation on prosthetic retention program for hemi-maxillary defects / 医用生物力学

Objective To make biomechanical evaluation on three prosthesis retention schemes for unilateral maxillary defects-clasp retention, one or two zygomatic implants and zygomatic implant and clasp united retention. Methods A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of normal human skull was constructed based on CT scan data. The maxillary complex stress distributions on three reconstructed models were calculated and analyzed by 3D finite element method to make comprehensive comparison on stress level of the prosthesis, abutment, clasp, implants and zygoma. Results For single clasp retention, peak stress of the abutment was 130.7 MPa, and displacement of the prosthesis was 4.439 mm, while peak stress of the clap was 452.4 MPa, and stress of the contralateral orbital rim was 23.32 MPa. After one zygoma was implanted, the stress of the clap was reduced to 118.1 MPa, while peak stress of the abutment was 31.12 MPa, and stress of the contralateral orbital rim was only 5.387 MPa. For two zygomatic implant retention, zygomatic stress was decreased from 66.11 MPa to 48.12 MPa, and the maximum stress on the zygomatic implants was reduced from 500.2 MPa to 313.8 MPa. Conclusions For zygomatic implant and clasp united retention, the maxillofacial skeleton stress distributions were more consistent with the rules of bite force transduction. The research findings will provide important references for design and optimization of human unilateral maxillary defect reconstruction program.

Effect of lead exposure on gene expression of Fgf3 in zebrafish embryonic development / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of lead exposure on the gene expression of fibroblast growth factor 3 (Fgf3) in zebrafish embryonic development and the mechanism of lead-induced embryonic developmental toxicity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The embryos of zebrafish (wild types A and B) were exposed to lead acetate (PbAc) at the doses of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, and 12.5 µmol/L separately. Total RNA was extracted from each treatment group of zebrafish embryos at 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours post fertilization (hpf). The total mRNA expression of Fgf3 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. The spatial expression of Fgf3 in zebrafish embryos was determined by whole-mount in situ hybridization using synthesized Fgf3 RNA probe.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA expression of Fgf3 in each group peaked at 12 hpf (P < 0.01). With the increase in PbAc concentration, the mRNA expression of Fgf3 rose. Compared with the mRNA expression level of Fgf3 in the control group, the relative mRNA expression levels of Fgf3 in the 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, and 12.5 µmol/L PbAc exposure groups were 1.02 ± 0.24, 1.05 ± 0.26, 1.22 ± 0.46, and 1.25 ± 0.38, respectively, and the 2.5 and 12.5 µmol/L PbAc exposure groups showed significantly higher Fgf3 expression than the control group (P < 0.05). The whole-mount in situ hybridization results showed that Fgf3 expression occurred mainly in the head and tail in the early stage of embryonic development and in the midbrain, fin bud, and pharyngeal arch in the middle/late stage of embryonic development; there were the most significant regions and intensities of positive hybridization signals at 12 hpf; but no significant differences were found between the control group and exposure groups in the location and intensity of Fgf3 expression</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Lead exposure can result in the upregulation of Fgf3 expression in zebrafish embryonic development, which might contribute to lead-induced embryonic developmental toxicity.</p>

Investigation of mRNA expression of collagen genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma and paired normal tissue / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mRNA expression of collagen genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and paired normal oral mucosal tissue.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The differential mRNA expressions of collagen genes between 30 OSCC tissues and the paired normal oral mucosal tissues were detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The relative expression level of COL1A1 mRNA in the 30 cancerous tissues was up-regulated by 2.78 folds as compared with its expression in the paired normal samples, suggesting its significant overexpression in OSCC (P<0.001). The expression levels of COL1A2, COL4A1, COL4A2, and COL5A2 mRNA in the cancerous tissues were up-regulated by 1.07, 1.15, 1.27, and 1.16 folds compared to those in paired normal samples (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>COL1A1 mRNA overexpression may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of OSCC and can be a potential molecular marker of OSCC.</p>

Study on neck management for tongue squamous cell carcinoma of cN0 stage / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This retrospective study is to analyze the outcomes of cN0 stage tongue squamous cell carcinoma and to discuss a reasonable neck management for these cases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 132 cases of cN0 stage tongue squamous cell carcinomas were included. Seventy-one cases were performed neck dissection(group ND), 61 cases were under wait-and-see (group WS). The clinical, pathological and follow up data of two groups were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cumulative three-year-survival between group ND and group WS were 87.3% and 83.4% respectively. In group ND, the survival of T1 and T2 cases were 89.3% and 83.3% respectively, while 89.6% and 58.3% in WS. For T2b cases which the size was larger than 3.0 cm, the survival of group WS was greatly lower than that of group ND. Both in ND and WS groups. The pathologically poor differentiation cases got poor survival than middle and well cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The wait-and-see policy is recommanded for T1 stage cN0 tongue squamous cell carcinoma. For T2 cases that the tumor size is smaller than 3.0 cm, the wait-and-see is also reasonable, while the neck dissection should be considered in cases of poor differentiation. For large T2 cases, the selective neck dissection should be performed.</p>

Establishment of an animal model of widening distraction of tubular bone with dental implant distractor / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an animal model of widening distraction of tubular bone with dental implant distractor (DID) and investigate radiographical and histomorphological changes of long tubular bone following widening distraction with dental implant.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve Chinese mountain goats were used. Two sets of DID were installed in each goat's tibiae. After an 8-day latency period, nine tibiae were distracted at a rate of 0.35 mm each time and 2 times per day using DID devices. Radiography and histomorphology were used to evaluate the new generated bone in different period after distraction. The other three animals served as sham control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 10 - 14 days' distraction, the average width of the tibiae increased by 7.83 mm. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed that there was a similarity between goat's tibiae and human's fibula in the blood supply. From the end of distraction to 3-month after the consolidation period, radiography demonstrated that the distraction gaps gradually became vague and filled with newly formed bone. The histomorphological study showed different results of bone formation in both distracted gaps. The osseointegration between bone and implant only occurred at screw-shaped part, while the moving part in tibiae was encapsulated by fibrous tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are lots of similarities between goat's tibiae and human's fibula in anatomy and blood supply. The model of widening distraction osteogenesis of the goat's tibiae is ideal for studying human's fibula.</p>

Experimental study of tissue-engineered biological small intestinal submucosa, membrane employed in dental implant traction / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct the tissue-engineered biological small intestinal submucosa(SIS) membrane and evaluate the feasibility of its use as a surrogate of periosteum and its possible role in dental implant distraction (DID).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The tissue-engineered biological SIS membrane was constructed through the co-culturing of boat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and small intestinal submucosa. The cellular compatibility was evaluated with the phase contrast microscope, SEM, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity and histology, and its effect of osteogenesis promotion was detected by Micro-CT and histology after implanted in the exposed side of DID operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The phase contrast microscope, SEM, ALP activity and histology confirmed that the BMSC could adhere to SIS and proliferate on it normally, the cellular activity and function were not affected by SIS. Three months after the tissue-engineered biological SIS membrane was implanted into the exposed side, some discontinuous new bone in the "biological SIS membrane" group was detected by the Micro-CT under a higher window level. The histology revealed that there was a quantity of new bone in the distracted region and the majority was woven bone. The quantity and quality of the new bone in the "biological SIS membrane" implanted group were similar to the unexposed side, but the bone nonunion was detected in the un-implanted group and the interspace was fixed by fibrous connective tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The tissue-engineered biological SIS membrane can provide both daughter cells, guide bone regeneration in DID and promote the osteogenesis. But the outcome of the biological SIS membrane, especially the function of the osteoblast cultured in the SIS in new bone formation, still needs further study.</p>

Application of individualized free anterolateral thigh combined flap for tongue and mouth floor defects resulted from tongue carcinoma / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the application of individualized free anterolateral thigh combined flap (ALTCF) for tongue and mouth floor defect resulted from tongue carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 2006 to 2008, individualized ALTCFs were used in 31 cases of tongue and mouth floor defects resulted from tongue carcinoma. The nutritional perforator vessel was musculocutaneous pattern in 22 cases and septocutaneous pattern in 9 cases. The size of the flaps and the included muscle was (4-8) cm x (5-10) cm and (2-5) cm x (3-6) cm, respectively. The length of blood vessel pedicle was (6.81 +/- 3.23) cm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 31 free flaps survived with primary healing and no complication. The appearance and function were both satisfactory. During the follow-up period of 1-3 years, 28 cases survived, 2 cases were reoperated due to the neck lymphatic metastasis on the contralateral side. 1 case died of distant metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Individualized ALTCF is a reliable flap for the tongue and month floor defects resulted from tongue carcinoma. Both the cosmetic and functional results are satisfactory with less morbidity in donor site and less complication.</p>

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the mandible reconstruction with fibula / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a three-dimensional finite element model of reconstructed mandible and analyze the stress distributions of the model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CT scan and CAD/CAM software was used to develop the three-dimensional finite element model of reconstructed mandible and stress analysis was performend with ANASYS 7.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The three-dimensional finite element models of normal mandible and reconstructed mandible were constructed. The stress analysis discovered an unbalanced stress distribution in the mandible.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Reconstructing mandible with fibular flap not only damages its structure, but also induced the badness of its biomechanical environment, in which condyle was the most sensitive region during the stresses in the mandible were changed.</p>